They don't begin to cover road construction costs (not even mentioning fair market rent for the amount of area they take up)

are you familiar with how negligible a fraction of the costs that car-dependent infrastructure imposes on society those two taxes represent

Roads are very expensive. Those taxes are never high enough to pay for the roads.

I did not say they cover 100% of the roads. I was responding to a comment claiming that roads are free.

Wait until you learn how expensive railway is

To maintain? Way less, even high speed track are less expensive than highways (especially per traveller)

Neither of which is required to use the road in all cases.

True, you can ride a bicycle/scooter/etc. or just walk on roads without paying. All motor vehicles pay registration fees if I'm not mistaken. And in at least some states, they hit EVs with higher fees, to make up for lost gas tax revenue. I think some states are even moving towards per-mile fees for EVs, for this purpose. But most road damage is done by big rigs and other heavy vehicles, which are basically all ICE.