Some is due to Scrum. It's actually not the fault of the methodology but that it's been half implemented by companies that did waterfall before. You are expected to finish a feature in a sprint, but you have no connection to speak to the stakeholders/customers.

The other things are these KPIs, and unsurprisingly, the bean counters behind them don't care about refactoring or addressing tech debt.

In a sense, yes, we need to focus on delivering value but it's much more chaotic now, so it's very difficult to deliver performant features that deliver also what was expected.

There's no appreciation of skills anymore, of quality; it's all about generating features as effectively as possible. No room for creativity/trial and error.

It's like working at a factory, pushing a button as fast as humanly possible.

And coders are treated like button pushers as a consequence.