Messaging apps often have a checkmark to indicate the message actually went to the server, and maybe another checkmark to indicate it was received on the other end. Maybe HN needs an icon indicating that your vote went through.
Yeah, it's easy enough that I was able to do it in the web inspector in a minute (artificial 1s network delay added): https://s11.gifyu.com/images/ScPMI.gif
HN does this, and on slow days, about half of my upvotes don't go through.