Your student loan bill is a bad example. In this case the Gov't was already subsidizing these loans and being charged enough by the banks servicing them for those banks to also turn a profit on that line of business.

By bringing it in-house, the governement doesn't increase their liabilities, and now they don't have to pad the profit margins of loan servicers.

But anyways, generally, what you're talking about is call "paygo" rules. They've been instituted before as house rules (and commonly ignored), you're advocating for them being codified into law. Not a bad idea I don't think, but i haven't given it a lot of thought.