I don't know much about Turkey, but I assume they are referring to Erdogan. Turkey was a pretty solid democracy and he turned it into an authoritarian regime.
Erdogan also has some interesting ideas about the economy. A quote from his Wikipedia article: "He has pushed the theory that inflation is caused by high interest rates, an idea universally rejected by economists. This, along with other factors such as excessive current account deficit and foreign-currency debt, in combination with Erdoğan's increasing authoritarianism, caused an economic crisis starting from 2018, leading to large depreciation of the Turkish lira and very high inflation."
Erdoğan is not the first person to mess up the economy of the country, but extreme deep corruption and antidemocratic playbook were never experienced before. If you ask his base, everything's fine though.
There currently is a patch for adding '-S' to OpenBSD and in the discussion, the one who came originally up with it commented on how he added it to FreeBSD:
"IIRC, the catalyst for it was that early FreeBSD (1990's?) did split up the words on the '#!' line because that seemed convenient. Years later, someone else noticed that this behavior did not match '#!' processing on any other unix, so they changed the behavior so it would match. Someone else then thought that was a bug, because they had scripts which depended on the earlier behavior. I forget how many times the behavior of '#!' processing bounced back and forth, but I had some scripts which ran on multiple versions of Unix and one of these commits broke one of those scripts.
I read up on all the commit-log history, and fixed '#!' processing one more time so that it matched how other unixes do it, and I think I also left comments in the code for that processing to document that "Yes, '#!'-parsing is really supposed to work this way".
And then in an effort to help those people who depended on the earlier behavior, I implemented '-S' to the 'env' command.
I have no idea how much '-S' is used, but it's been in FreeBSD since June 2005, and somewhere along the line those changes were picked up by MacOS 10. The only linux I work on is RHEL, and it looks like Redhat added '-S' between RHEL7 and RHEL8."
[https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-tech&m=175307781323403&w=2]
FWIW, GNU Coreutils env (as seen for example in my Linux Mint distribution) works the same way (no split by default, enabled by `-S`) and I definitely have used it locally to do things like `#!/usr/bin/env -S python -S -I`.
unzip is a special case: upstream development has basically stopped. The last release was in 2009[0]. (That's the version 6.0.) Since then there were multiple issues discovered and it lacks some features. So everybody patches the hell out of that release[1]. The end result is that you have very different executables with the same version number.
I maintain a huge number of git mirror of git repositories and i have some overview of activity there. Many open source projects have stopped activity and/or do not make any new releases. Like syslinux, which seems to be in a similar situation as unzip. And some projects like Quagga went completely awol and don't even have a functional git remote.
So unzip is not really that special, its a mode general problem with waning interest.
I wasn't trying to imply that unzip is the only one.
But the way I learned that unzip is unmaintained was pretty horrible. I found an old zip file I created ages ago on Windows. Extracting it on Arch caused no problem. But on FreeBSD, filenames containing non-ASCII characters were not decoded correctly. Well, they probably use different projects for unzip, this happens. Wrong, they use the same upstream, but each decided to apply different patches to add features. And some of the patches address nasty bugs.
For something as basic as unzip, my experience as a user is that when it has so many issues, it either gets removed completely or it gets forked. The most reliable way I found to unzip a zip archive consists of a few lines of python.
I agree completely. I also know that distros patch packages.
But for unzip the situation is particularly bad because it has no maintainer. Normally, you would raise feature requests for basic functionality upstream and once added, the maintainer would cut a new release. So software with the same version number generally, but not always, behaves similarly across distros.
But for unzip, because upstream is unmaintained, distro maintainers started to add features while keeping the version number. So in the end you end up with different behavior for what looks like the same release.
Somebody once tried to clarify the situation with a similar stunt, but failed spectacularly. From the NOLF Wikipedia page:
In May 2014, Nightdive Studios, a publisher of classic PC titles, filed trademarks for "No One Lives Forever", "The Operative", "A Spy in H.A.R.M.'s Way", and "Contract J.A.C.K.", Nightdive had also been able to acquire the source code for the games, which would enable them to remaster them for modern computer systems. However, Nightdive had yet to comment on the situation regarding who owned the rights to the game. At this point, the rights to the series were unclear, as the property may have been owned solely or in part by 20th Century Fox (which owned Fox Interactive at the time of the game's release), Activision (which acquired and merged with Vivendi Games, which in turn was the parent to Sierra Entertainment, the publisher of No One Lives Forever 2, and had acquired Fox Interactive in 2003), and Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment (which acquired Monolith Productions). Warner Bros. did file opposition to Nightdive's trademark, leading Nightdive to try to seek a license arrangement. However, Warner Bros. representatives were concerned that if either Fox or Activision had a part of the ownership, that they would also need their approval. Nightdive attempted to work with Fox and Activision to search their archives, but as these transitions pre-dated computerized records, neither company wanted to do so. Nightdive's efforts were further stalled when they were told by Warner Bros. that they had no interest in partnering or licensing the IP, leading Nightdive to abandon their efforts to acquire the rights.
There was a court case about this. Project Gutenberg got sued by a German publishing house for hosting works still copyrighted in Germany.
"Although they were in the public domain in the United States, the German court (Frankfurt am Main Regional Court) recognized the infringement of copyrights still active in Germany, and asserted that the Project Gutenberg website was under German jurisdiction because it hosts content in the German language and is accessible in Germany." [1]
Project Gutenberg lost repeatedly in court but the whole saga ended with a settlement.
"Under the terms of the agreement, Project Gutenberg eBooks by the three authors will be blocked from Germany until their German copyright expires." [1]
So if you have a German IP you can't access the ebooks, but if don't you can read them.
What I learnt is that there is a rest mass and a relativistic mass. The m in your formula is the rest mass. But when you use the relativistic mass E=mc² still holds. And for the rest mass I always used m_0 to make clear what it is.
sounds like you had a chemistry education. relativistic mass is IMO very much not a useful way of thinking about this and it is sort of tautologically true that E = m_relativistic because “relativistic mass” is just taking the concept of energy and renaming it “mass”
This is all sort of silly IMO. The equation, like basically all equations, needs context. What’s E? What’s m? If E is the total energy of the system and m is the mass (inertial or gravitational? how far past 1905 do you want to go?), then there isn’t a correction. If m is rest mass and E is total energy, then I would call it flat-out wrong, not merely approximate. After all, a decent theory really ought to reproduce Newtonian mechanics under some conditions beyond completely at rest.
IMO, when people get excited about E=mc^2, it’s in contexts like noticing that atoms have rest masses that are generally somewhat below the mass of a proton or neutron times the number of protons and neutrons in the atom, and that the mass difference is the binding energy of the nucleus, and you can do nuclear reactions and convert between mass and energy! And then E=mc^2 is apparently exactly true, or at least true to an excellent degree, even though the energies involved are extremely large and Newtonian mechanics can’t even come close to accounting for what’s going on.
inertial mass, rest mass, gravitational mass - these are essentially all the same thing. “relativistic mass” is an additional concept where we rewrite energy as mass and is considered archaic
I should have used m_0 to avoid confussion. Anyway, as he sibling comment says, most modern advanced books of special relativity try to avoid the relativistic mass. It's useful for some calculations, like synchrotron, but the problem is that for forward/backward acceleration you must use other number so the relativistic mass add confussion. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_in_special_relativity#His...
In my company the official policy is that nobody but the admins gets administrator privileges. If you need them the workflow is that you go to IT and they do what is necessary. Or they just might say no. People had to complain that makes work impossible for them and will cost the company a lot of money so that they got exceptions -- but only after escalation to upper management.
I think this was a security directive that came from the top.
Core counts have increased dramatically. The latest AMD server CPUs have up to 192 cores. The Zen1 top model had only 32 cores and that was already a lot compared to Intel. However, the power consumption has also increased: the current top model has a TDP of 500W.
Does absolute power consumption matter or would it not be better to focus on per-core power consumption? Eg running 6 32-core CPUs seems unlikely to be better than 1 192-core.
Yes, per core power consumption or better performance per Watt is usually more relevant than the total power consumption. And 1 high-core CPU is usually better than the same number of cores on multiple CPUs. (That is unless you are trying to maximize memory bandwidth per Watt.)
What I wanted to get at is that the pure core count can be misleading if you care about power consumption. If you don't and just look at performance, the current CPU generations are monsters. But if you care about performance/Watt, the improvement isn't that large. The Zen1 CPU I was talking about had a TDP of 180 W. So you get 6x as many cores, but the power consumption increases by 2.7x.
Volkswagen's main factory is also pretty large:
"Spanning more than 6.5 km², the Volkswagen factory in Wolfsburg is now the largest automotive plant in Europe, employing more than 60,000 people."[0]
It becomes tricky because what does 'factory' mean? Especially once it's scaled to the size of a small town, you start to see town-like buildings popping up. There's some stuff which is arguably necessary for the factory itself, such as the train station and logistics facilities, a test track, and things which are necessary for the employees directly such as employee car parks and restaurants, but then there are other things like a visitor centres, shops, gardens, monuments, museums, a Ritz-Carlton hotel. Also, are power and water facilities part of the factory? Even if that means that we're counting a reservoir as 'part of the factory'[0]?
How would you come up with an exhaustive list of which buildings contribute to the size of the factory, and which should be excluded?
Otherwise, you're just looking at the land owned or leased by the company, which is obviously a valid measure somehow, but it's hard to say whether it would lead to fair comparisons. I don't have the answers, just throwing it out for debate.
Of course, it becomes tricky to decide what belongs to a factory or not if you look closely enough. And comparing factory sizes is something inherently silly. But I think that in a capitalistic society the land area owned by the company is a good first order approximation. If they wouldn't need it, it would be better for them to sell it.
But in the case of the Volkswagen factory the points you mention lead to something interesting: The city of Wolfsburg was created just before WW2 to house the workers of the factory created at the same time to produce the precursor of the VW beetle. Even today the city is dominated by the factory: it has a population of 120,000 and 60,000 work in the factory. So under a loose enough definition of "factory", the whole city of Wolfsburg is part of it.
> Worrying what others think resonates with me a lot.
- There are lots of blog posts and youtube videos about this topic. Try whether any will help you.
- If you post, go down the rabbit hole of your thoughts. What will happen? Keep going with "and then" as far as possible. Then replace negative thoughts with more positive ones. Those have to be believable and not just blindly positive. E.g. replacing "everybody will hate this" with "a lot of people will hate this, but some will really enjoy it" is already progress.
- As a child, did you have a caregiver or teacher that gave you the feeling that if you make mistakes, they will stop loving you? Make it clear to your adult self that you are deserving of love no matter what.
- Do you have types of writing which are easy for you? No matter the answer, why is that?
- Create something intentionally bad without publishing it, and sit with your bad feelings for a while. Usually that reduces the anxiety.
- If you post something, explore your feelings. Is that like nervousness before an exam, general anxiety or something completely different. This might give you a clue, why you struggle.
- Imagine a friend would come to you with this problem. What advice would you give them? How would you react to something you posted if somebody else wrote it?
- Be kind to yourself. Changing this is a long journey.
Erdogan also has some interesting ideas about the economy. A quote from his Wikipedia article: "He has pushed the theory that inflation is caused by high interest rates, an idea universally rejected by economists. This, along with other factors such as excessive current account deficit and foreign-currency debt, in combination with Erdoğan's increasing authoritarianism, caused an economic crisis starting from 2018, leading to large depreciation of the Turkish lira and very high inflation."
The resulting crisis has its own article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_economic_crisis_(2018%...